Improved RFS in Resected Melanoma with mRNA Vaccine/Pembrolizumab

Source: Targeted Oncology, October 2023

Pembrolizumab and mRNA-4157 demonstrated improvements in subgroups of resected melanoma, including those with BRAF-mutated tumors, in the phase 2 KEYNOTE-942 trial.

Combining the individualized neoantigen therapy mRNA-4157 (V940) with pembrolizumab (Keytruda) yielded clinically significant improvements in distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) compared with pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with high-risk resected melanoma, according to findings from the phase 2 KEYNOTE-942 trial (NCT03897881) presented at the 2023 European Society for Medical Oncology Congress (ESMO).

Patients treated with mRNA-4157 plus pembrolizumab experienced an approximately 44% reduction in the risk of death or recurrence with respect to RFS compared with those receiving pembrolizumab alone (HR, 0.561; 95% CI, 0.309-1.017; P = .0266). Additionally, the RFS rates in the combination and monotherapy arms, respectively, were 83.4% vs 77.1% at 12 months and 78.6% vs 62.2% at 18 months.
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